Short Circuit Test in Transformer

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Introduction:
Transformer me Short Circuit Test ek tarika hai jo hum transformer ke impedance, copper losses, aur dusre parameters ko determine karne ke liye use karte hain. Is test me, transformer ke high-voltage (HV) winding ko short-circuit kar diya jata hai, aur low-voltage (LV) winding pe voltage ko gradually increase kiya jata hai jab tak rated current flow na ho.

Translation:
The Short Circuit Test in a transformer is a method used to determine the transformer's impedance, copper losses, and other parameters. During this test, the high-voltage (HV) winding is short-circuited, and the voltage on the low-voltage (LV) winding is gradually increased until the rated current flows.


Transformer ka Short Circuit Test: Ek Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Preparation
● Ensure karen ki transformer de-energized aur safely isolated ho.
● Test aksar low-voltage (LV) side pe kiya jata hai, jabki high-voltage (HV) side short-circuited hoti hai.


Step 2: Connections
● LV winding ko ek variable voltage source se connect karen.
● HV winding ko short-circuit karen.
● Voltmeters, ammeters, aur wattmeters ko connect karen taaki applied voltage (Vsc), short-circuit current (Isc), aur power (Psc) measure kiya ja sake.


Step 3: Voltage Apply Karna
● Dheere-dheere LV winding pe voltage apply karen.
● Voltage ko tab tak badhayein jab tak rated current (Isc) flow na ho.


Step 4: Measurements:
● LV winding pe applied voltage (Vsc) measure karen.
● Short-circuit current (Isc) ko record karen.
● Wattmeter se short-circuit power (Psc) measure karen.


Step 5: Calculations
● Impedance (Zsc) = Vsc / Isc
● Copper Losses (Pcu) = Psc
● Reactance (Xsc) aur Resistance (Rsc) ko alag-alag calculate karne ke liye complex impedance ko use kar sakte hain.

Example Calculations:
Example 1:
● Applied Voltage (Vsc) = 25 V
● Short-Circuit Current (Isc) = 10 A
● Short-Circuit Power (Psc) = 150 W

》Impedance (Zsc) = Vsc / Isc = 25V / 10A = 2.5 ohms
》Copper Losses (Pcu) = Psc = 150 W

Example 2:
● Applied Voltage (Vsc) = 30 V
● Short-Circuit Current (Isc) = 12 A
● Short-Circuit Power (Psc) = 200 W

》Impedance (Zsc) = Vsc / Isc = 30V / 12A = 2.5 ohms
》Copper Losses (Pcu) = Psc = 200 W

Step 6: Results Interpretation:
● Inpedance (Zsc) transformer ke reactance aur resistance ka measure hai.
● Copper losses (Pcu) transformer ki winding losses ko represent karti hain.


Conclusion:
Transformer ka Short Circuit Test ek important test hai jo hum transformer ke performance ko evaluate karne ke liye karte hain. Is test se hum transformer ke impedance aur copper losses ko determine kar sakte hain.

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